托福听力备考那些低效学习习惯需改正?这5种错误做法改进改
1. 听力备考只听自己不熟悉的内容
听上去这句话十分有道理，但是细一想，马上发现了问题，其实听写这事，大的来说，目的只有1个，就是将单词与正确的发音连接起来，但是小的来说，其实是有2个部分，第一个部分是将那些不知道怎么发音的单词，与正确的发音连接起来，比如phenomenon这个单词，我们不知道怎么发音，那么在听写的时候，我自然也就听不出来，这里的phenomenon就是标题里所提到的，不认识的那些词，这个自然是要通过听写这种方式来解决的。
但是还有第二种情况，就是我们本来记下的发音就是错的，比如说and这个词，当你没做过听写的时候，你其实是不会分出来know this与notice这两个之间发音的区别的，换句话说，本来原文是notice，但是你很有可能很自信的人为你自己听到的是know this，这个时候虽然你错了，但是你自己并不知道。因此，自然也就得不到矫正。这就是为什么，不能只去听那些不认识的词，因为如果只听那些不认识的词，那么你头脑中错误的发音，就得不到矫正。
2. 练听力一听不懂就马上看原文
听写的过程就是要把一个单词与其正确的发音连接在一起，因此一旦听不出来，那么第一件你应该做的事情，就是把那些听不出来的内容再听写5-10遍，如果听不出来，那么就应该先放下，继续等这段材料听完，再去看原文，否则你会发现自己的印象不够深刻，因为每个人都需要最后的一个全盘总结的过程，因此，这些错误的内容，最好留到最后一次性的冲击自己一下，才是最好的选择。
3. 身处英语环境懈怠听力练习
在中国大陆，现在有很多的国际班，出国班，或者说留学班，当然还有很大一部分同学，高中就是在美国读的，这些同学平时都是在英语的环境中学习，因此往往对于自己的英语能力有着绝对的相信，那么，如果一旦自己的英语成绩不好的话，这些考生的第一反应一定就是自己不知道托福考试的“技巧”。但是实际上，这些同学缺少的真的不是技巧，而是一个真正的实力，或者说，是ETS所认可的实力。其实新托福考试是一个绝对考察细节的考试，但是这些国际班之中的考友，在自己平时的学习生活中，最不重视的，就是细节，因为课堂之中很多时候，都用简单句，哪怕是长句，只要能听懂大概的意思就可以了，也不用抓住细节。但是这些在课堂中被忽略的能力，恰恰就是新托福考试最为感兴趣的能力，因此，哪怕你生活在英语环境里，也仍然是要去做听写的。
4. 听力练习只做跟读训练
很多考友总是觉得听写是一个很漫长的工作，轻则耗时1小时，重则耗时3-4个小时。因此，听写完全可以进行大规模的简化，一个最为简单的方法就是跟着朗读看原文，因为，这样既不会出现听不出来的时候自己的烦恼，也不会有不认识的情况，同时还能练习自己的阅读，何乐而不为呢。听上去貌似很有道理，但是实际上，听写的过程就是一个校正你脑中错误发音，以及将那些你不认识的以及你不知道怎么发音的单词给配上相应的读音。但是，如果你只跟着朗读看原文的话，你很快就会发现，你根本就不知道自己的头脑之中的哪些发音是错误的，因为你在单纯的跟着朗读看原文的话，你根本就没有调动你脑中的对于这个单词的发音，换句话说，也就没有校正自己脑中的发音。因此在做听写的时候，一定不能仅仅看原文，而不写。
5. 被动接受听力信息不做主动思考
听力备考很多考友们认为只要去听就好了，还思考什么呢。这是一个大错而特错的想法，其实当你听写的正确率慢慢变化的时候，你很快就会发现一个瓶颈，无论怎么样这个瓶颈都无法突破，也就是总是有类似于these和this，再比如说set和sit。这个时候无论再怎么听，这些错误都仍然会犯，之所以会出现这样的问题，就是因为，这个时候限制你的已经不是你的分辨单词的能力，而是你的对于英语的熟悉程度或者说对于英语语法的熟悉程度，换句话说，这个时候如果要想突破这个瓶颈，就必须用语法、词性、以及单词的意思对于听力来进行校正，比如说如果当你在思考这里该是this还是these，犹豫不决的时候，你应该做的是去看看这个主语相应的谓语动词的词性，自然也就知道是单数还是复数了。换句话说，当你达到一定高度的时候，限制你的不是你的单独的单词辨音的能力，而是你的语法知识以及相关的词性、和单词的意思的综合判断能力，某种意义上来说，也就是你在英语上的积累。
托福听力：常考小词集锦
1，a change of pace 节奏变换
You can’t do these chemistry experiments all day long. You certainly need a change of pace.
2, a far cry from 相距甚远
The published book is far cry from the early manuscript.
3, and how 的确
A: She’s a good dancer.
B: and how.
4, a matter of time 时间问题
It is only a matter of time.
5, a phone call away 一个电话之远，愿意过来帮忙。
If you need my help, do let me know. Just remember I am a phone call away.
6, a while back 不久以前
7，all along 一直
I knew it all along.
8, anything but 绝对不
I was anything but happy about going.
9, account for 解释
How do you account for it?
10, after all 到底
A: I’ve just seen the X-rays and your teeth look just fine,
B: I see. Then there is nothing to worry about after all.
11, allergic to 对|……过敏
Oh man! Something in this room is making my eyes itch. I must be allergic to something.
12, at sb’s service 愿为某人服务
I am at your service at any time.
13, around the clock 24小时不停
Martha studied around the clock for management exam.
14, as far as I know 就我所知
15，at home with 对…..很熟悉
She is at home with problems like this.
16, back out
1) 退出
A: Wasn’t Bert supposed to sing tonight?
B: Yes, but he backed out at last minute
2)不履行
She finally backed out of her promise.
17, be cut out for 天生适合
I’m not cut out to be a hero.
18, be absorbed in
She has been absorbed in a horror fiction. I can’t tear her away.
19, be addicted to 对……上瘾
She has been addicted to drugs for years.
20，be attached to 对……有感情
A: I’m amazed that you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought you would have gotten rid of it years ago.
B: It runs well and I’ve actually been quite attached to it.
21, back up
1) 累积
The subway is running behind schedule, and traffic is backed up for blocks. I don’t know if we’ll make the 6:30 show.
2) 支持
I’ll back it up.
22, be bound for 到……地方
The bus is bound for New England.
23, be (feel) myself 找到自我
I’m feeling myself again.
24, be burned up 生气
托福听力：常考小词集锦
1, be hard up for
I’m hard up for clothes, but I have a lot of books.
2, be head and shoulders above 好许多
In calculus, Joe is head and shoulders above his classmates.
3，be in the dark 蒙在鼓里
A: Do you have any idea what his notice is about?
B: I’m as in the dark as you are.
4，be stuck 卡住了
I can’t get this window open. It’s stuck.
5, bite off more than one can chew. 贪多嚼不烂
A: I hear you’re taking an advanced physics course this semester.
B: I think I’ve bitten off more than I can chew.
6, break new ground 有了新的突破
His architectural design broke new ground in the field.
7，benefit concert 慈善音乐会
We need to let everyone know about the benefit concert, but we don’t have much money for advertising.
8, busy signal 占线
I’ve been calling David for the past half hour, but I keep getting a busy signal.
9,between you and me 你我之间，保密
10，call for
A,打电话找
Tom just called for you.
B,预报
The forecast calls for heavy rain again tonight. Aren’t you glad we’ll be getting away from this for a week?
C,问
It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions.
11, call it a day 就此结束
A: I’m really glad our club decides to raise money for the children’s hospital, and most of the people we’ve phoned seemed happy to contribute.
B: Yeah, I agree. Now we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list now, so I guess we can call it a day.
12,cash the check 兑现支票
Have your sister cashed her paycheck?
13,clear off 收拾，整理
It’s about time we clear off the desk.
14,come down (雨，雪)下起来
The heavy rain is coming down, now.
15, come in first in the race 比赛第一名
Not only did Jill come in first in the race but she also had her best running time of the season.
16,come what may 不管怎样
We’ll pick you up tomorrow at eight, come what may.
17,cost somebody an arm and a leg
A: Did you see the diamond ring Bill gave to Linda?
B: I sure did. It must have cost him an arm and a leg.
18, cut it out 闭嘴
I told you to cut it out.
19,be cut out for 生来时做……的
Dr. Hamilton doesn’t feel Larry is cut out for the medical profession.
20,department chair 系主任
I didn’t write that memo to the department chair.
21,dirt cheap 非常便宜
A: You’ve already furnished your apartment?
B: I’ve found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
22, do with 用…..凑合; do without 没有……也行
You can do with your girlfriend.
You can do without your girlfriend
23, dog tired 特别累，同义：run down; worn out; out of steam
I’m dog tired these days. I’m working on seven articles.
24, down jacket 羽绒服
25，drive somebody up the wall 让某人发疯;同义：drive somebody out of one’s mind
The sound of all that raffic is driving me out of my mind.
26, fall back on 依赖
A: Were you able to understand that French novel without any help from the teacher?
B: I did pretty well, but I had to fall back on my dictionary occasionally.
托福听力：常考小词集锦
1, fill a prescription 按处方抓药
Would you please fill this prescription for me?
2, fill in for 代替;同义：fill one’s place(position, shoes); take the place of; take over Say, Dave, can you fill in for me tonight at the restaurant? I’d like to go out of town.
3,food for thought 令人思考的东西;同义：thought-provoking
There is a lot food for thought in what he had to say.
4,for nothing 免费
To pay to see that movie would be foolish, when you can see it on TV for nothing.
5,from top to bottom 从上到下
A: Maybe you lost your wallet in this room.
B: I’ve searched it from top to bottom..
6, get of on the wrong foot 开始事情就做错了
I got off on the wrong foot, and I don’t have any idea which way to turn now.
7,get a lot out of something 从……学到很多
The training program was difficult, but she got a lot out of it.
8, get at 想说
Do you understand what I’m getting at?
9, get away with 对…..摆脱惩罚
A: Did you know that Bob is leaving for home tonight? He isn’t planning to take his final exams.
B: He can’t get away with that
10,get going 赶紧行动;同义：get moving
A: It looks like we won’t have enough time to do all we wanted to.
.B: Who says we won’t? let’s get going.
11, get on one’s nerve 招惹某人神经了
A: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.
B: She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerve sometimes.
12, get started on 开始做
We should get started on the project.
13, get time off from work 从工作中抽时间
Oh, so she was able to get time off from the work.
14,give credibility to 相信
A: did you hear about Jim?
B: I wouldn’t give that rumor any credibility.
15,go easy on 温和对待
Well, since it’s your first and only ticket, the judge will probably go easy on you.
16,go in one ear and out the other 一耳朵进，一耳朵出
Well, you know Mike, everything’s in one ear and out the other.
17,go jogging 去跑步
Are you ready to go jogging?
18,go to one’s head 某人自负
A: Have you noticed how John’s changed since he became student government president?
B: I think the whole thing has gone to his head, and he used to be so sociable and open.
19,got the time 几点了
A: Got the time?
B: It’s a little after ten.
20, graduation announcements 毕业典礼请柬
Have you ordered your graduation announcements?
21,graon about 抱怨
How come Michael’s always groaning about something?
托福听力：常考小词集锦
1,guest lecturer 客座教授
The only person who understood the guest lecturer was the professor.
2,hand-me-down 送的东西
A: What a gorgeous jacket. It must have cost a fortune.
B: Not at all. It’s a hand-me-down.
3,hand down 易如反掌
Lee won the chess match hands down.
4,have a way with 擅长
Bonnie really has a way with words.
5,have had it with 处于
I’ve had it with being sick in bed. I’ve read most of these magazines twice.
6, head and shoulders above 高出许多
In computer programming, Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.
7, hit the spots 特别好
This lemonade sure hits the spots.
8, hold the grudge 记仇
A: I wish I hadn’t hurt Mary’s feelings like that. You know I never meant to.
B: The great thing about Mary is that she doesn’t hold the grudge.
9, I have no idea which way to turn 我不知道该怎么办
10, I have seen worse 我见过更糟的
11, in advance 提前;同义：before hand, ahead of time
It’s a really nice apartment. But the owners want two-month rent in advance and I just don ’t have it.
12, in case 万一
Let’s take our suits along in case the sun comes out.
13, in next to no time 马上
A: Are you going to be using the copying machine long?
B: I’ll be through in next to no time.
14, in the red 赤字反义：in the black
15,in the works 正在准备阶段
An advanced course in theoretical chemistry is the works.
16, keep to oneself
I’m amazed that you still haven’t gotten to know your neighbors.
17, kill time 浪费时间
Gosh, what can we do to kill the next 10 hours?
18, leave…up to somebody
We’ll have to leave the decision up to him.
19, letter of recommendation 推荐信;letter of reference 推荐信
20, look on the bright sides of things 看事物的光明面
21, no kidding 不是开玩笑吧
22, on the tip of one’s tongue 就在舌尖
A: Are you sure you can’t remember the name of that record?
B: It’s just on the tip of my tongue!
23, quitting time 下课时间
I’m glad it’s almost quitting time.
24, take it over 重修
Don failed physics and had to take it over.
25, than necessary 比应该的要冷
The lab was cooler than necessary.
26, That’s easer said than done. 说来容易做来难
27, There is nothing to it. 没什么，很容易
I can run this projector. There’s really nothing to it.
28, with flying colors 成功
A: How did Ellen do on her American History exam?
B: She passed with flying colors.
29, You can bet your life 当然
A: Will Prof. Smith come to class on time?
