“背”单词,也要区别对待

 

不是所有单词都可以“一背了之”。有很多“记住用不上、用不对”的单词,一般具有以下五种特质。需要以不同的方式来处理。

图片[1]-“背”单词,也要区别对待-笑傲英语网

1.一词多义

engage

1. appeal to 吸引

如:A good radio script should be able to engage the listener.

(好的电台脚本应能够吸引听众。)

2. take up a job 从事

如:They engage in the study of music.(他们从事音乐研究。)

3. promise to marry 订婚

如:When did he become engaged to her? (他跟她什么时候订婚?

4. involve(使)参与;busy(使)忙于

如:I have no time to engage in the debate. (我没时间参加辩论。)

5. employ雇用

如:The company is to engage a new sales director.

(公司将聘用新的销售总裁)

suspend

1. stop for a short time 暂停

如 :suspend trade with that country(暂停贸易)

The Football Association suspended him.(足协暂停他的比赛资格)

2. swing;hang 悬挂 

如:be suspended above the table(被吊在桌子上方)

cover

1. coat;shelter;wrap 覆盖、遮挡

如:try to cover a mistake(努力掩饰错误)

2. shelter 掩护

如:His partner covered him while he ran across the prison yard.

(同伴掩护他跑过监狱的院子。)

3. include (cost;content) 支付费用;包含(内容)

如:cover the rent(有足够的钱付租金)

cover a wide range of topics(包含、涵盖了多个话题)

4. report;describe 报道

如:to cover the games live(对运动会做现场报道)

5. travel (a distance)走了(距离)

如:cover the last three miles on foot(步行走完最后三英里)

图片[2]-“背”单词,也要区别对待-笑傲英语网

2.多词一义

例如"to consider all the aspects of a situation carefully before making a decision(运筹、评估)",以下动词均有此义:

1. estimate——predict——judge——consider

2. assess——evaluate——reckon——balance

3. calculate——compute——measure——weigh

如:to weigh the costs against environmental benefits

(权衡成本和环境收益)

to calculate the long-term effects

(评估长期效应)

图片[3]-“背”单词,也要区别对待-笑傲英语网

3.词义抽象

中文注解容易导致理解障碍——更多时候是对中文本身不理解。例如

assume:假定、设想;假装;承担

1. believe something as true(想当然地以为)

如:I always assumed him to be American.(我一直以为他是美国人。)

2. take charge of;undertake

如:assume the role of supervisor(担任监管者角色)

3. pretend(装出……的样子)

如:assume an air of innocence(装出一副无辜的样子)

4. take on;begin to have a particular quality,shape,expression…

如:Time with the family has started to assume greater importance.

(与家人共处的时间开始显得更加重要。)

其他如 commit(do something illegal;devote … to;hand over sth./sb. under one's care; convince sb. to assume the responsibility);initiate(to make something start;take the lead;trigger)

英文释义、例句分析,对于这类单词的学习和记忆至关重要。

图片[4]-“背”单词,也要区别对待-笑傲英语网

4.混淆结构

这类单词的特点是:搭配和结构上有些“怪”——主要是在主宾位置、及物性方面容易造成混淆。例如:

access:approach;entrance;passage

常见用法:have/get/gain access to

如:Some groups still have difficulty gaining access to health care.

(有些群体仍然很难得到医疗。)

Only 40% of 5-year-olds have access to pre-school education.

(只有40%的五岁儿童能接受到学前教育。)

dominate:control;be the most important;stand out

如:He was completely dominated by his mother.

(他完全受母亲的控制。)

Don't make your phone dominate your life.

(别让手机支配你的生活。)

The trade talk dominates news these days.

(这几天的新闻全是关于贸易谈判的。)

feature:be an important part of sth;(film)features sb as …;(sth) features in the magazine

常见结构:feature in…(发挥重要作用;主演); feature sb./sth. in…(以……为特征)

如:This restaurant features vegetarian dishes.

(这家餐厅似乎以素菜为其特色。)

She has already featured in two award-winning films.

(她已经主演了两部获奖影片。)

grant:to allow someone to have or do what they want;admit;entitle

常见结构:grant sb sth(或sth to sb)授予;

take sth/sb for granted认为……是理所当然;

grant sb that承认

如:I grant that what you say is correct.

(我承认你说的是正确的。)

She granted thechild his wish.

(她满足了那孩子的愿望。)

Never take anything for granted.

(千万别想当然。)

图片[5]-“背”单词,也要区别对待-笑傲英语网

5. 转化表达

同样的意义,以不同的词性、或语言单位表达。例如:

介词词组——单词

compared with = in comparison with

动词短语——单一动词

take in=absorb;understand; trick

take up=occupy; start; continue

takeover=succeed;inherit;accept

take on=assume;employ;develop

take off=undress;fly;leave

 

© 版权声明
THE END
喜欢就支持一下吧
点赞0
分享